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As the spread of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever is increasing, atypical manifestations are also onthe rise, although they may be under reported because of lack of awareness. This review compiles descriptions of atypical mani...
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As the spread of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever is increasing, atypical manifestations are also onthe rise, although they may be under reported because of lack of awareness. This review compiles descriptions of atypical manifestations of dengue, such as dengue encephalitis, dengue myocarditis, dengue hepatitis and dengue cholecystitis.
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Leptospirosis has a spectrum of presentation which ranges from mild disease to a severe form comprising of jaundice and renal failure. Involvement of the lung can vary from subtle clinical features to deadly pulmonary hemorrhage a...
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Leptospirosis has a spectrum of presentation which ranges from mild disease to a severe form comprising of jaundice and renal failure. Involvement of the lung can vary from subtle clinical features to deadly pulmonary hemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Of late, it has been identified that leptospirosis can present atypically with predominant pulmonary manifestations. This can delay diagnosis making and hence optimum treatment. The purpose of this review is to bring together all the reported pulmonary manifestations of leptospirosis and the recent trends in the management.KEY WORDS: ARDS, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, leptospirosis, pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary manifestations
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Aim: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is characterised by multiple reports of paediatric multisystem inflammatory disease or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with Kawasaki disease-like features often complicated by myo...
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Aim: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is characterised by multiple reports of paediatric multisystem inflammatory disease or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with Kawasaki disease-like features often complicated by myocarditis, shock and macrophage activation syndrome. Certain clinical and laboratory markers may be used to identify high risk cases.Methods: All sequentially admitted patients hospitalised between April 2020 and October 2020, who met the WHO case definition for MIS-C were included. Data included patient demographic information, presenting symptoms, organ dysfunction and laboratory parameters. SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed by nasopharyngeal swab real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and/or rapid antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 as recommended. The clinical and laboratory criteria were compared in the survival and non-survival groups.Results: A total of 29 patients with MIS-C were treated during the study period. There were 21 survivors and 8 non-survivors. The non-survi-vors had more neurocognitive and respiratory symptoms along with increased incidence of myocarditis compared with survivors. The serum levels of CPK-MB, D-dimer, ferritin and triglyceride were significantly raised in non-survivors as compared to survivors.Conclusion: The non-survivor group had higher CPK and greater proportion of children with troponin-T elevation indicating higher incidence of myocardial injury and necrosis. The D-dimer, ferritin and triglyceride were also higher in the mortality group, indicating the greater extent of inflammatory damage in this group.
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Lymphatic filariasis is endemic in India. Out of 128 million infected individuals worldwide, India accounts for 48 million cases [Manson's Tropical Diseases, 21st Ed. p 1488]. Filariasis can have protean manifestations, but Tropic...
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Lymphatic filariasis is endemic in India. Out of 128 million infected individuals worldwide, India accounts for 48 million cases [Manson's Tropical Diseases, 21st Ed. p 1488]. Filariasis can have protean manifestations, but Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia and chyluria are unusual manifestations reported mainly from South Asian countries [Manson's Tropical Diseases, 21st Ed. p 1494]. Chyluria occurs only in 2% of filarial afflicted patients in the filarial belt [Diamond E, Schapira HE. Chyluria - a review of literature. Urology 1985;26(5): 427-31]. Lymphatic filariasis presenting as chyluria may be equally rare. Predominant chyluria with no overt lymphatic filariasis remains an enigma..
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I read the article “Serum Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and Folic acid levels in patients with Metabolic syndrome” with greatinterest.1 Metabolic syndrome has drawn attention of researchers because of its association with athero vas...
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I read the article “Serum Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and Folic acid levels in patients with Metabolic syndrome” with greatinterest.1 Metabolic syndrome has drawn attention of researchers because of its association with athero vascular diseases. Ithas been found that there is a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Indians. A multisite study from India reported ageadjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men and women as high as 33.3% and 40.4% respectively.2 Even vitamin B12deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia are common problems encountered in Indian population. One of the study from Pune,Maharashtra found that 81% of urban middle class individuals had low vitamin B12 concentrations and 79% hadhyperhomocysteinemia.3 I n t e r e s t i n g l y , i t h a s a l s o b e e n h y p o t h e s i z e d t h a t l o w l e ve l s o f vitamin B12 andfolic acid along with hyperhomocysteinemia are associated w i t h a t h e r o v a s c u l a r d i s e a s e s . Supported by thesefacts, Narang et al conducted this study to determine the levels of these aforementioned parameters in individuals with andwithout metabolic syndrome. They concluded that Indian patients with metabolic syndrome have a strong association withelevated blood levels of homocysteine and reduced levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid. However, it is pertinent to note thelimitations of this study enumerated below.
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There can be various causes for hemoptysis. We present here a case of hemoptysis in which the chest X-ray helped us to arrive at the diagnosis because of a classical sign. This highlights the need of identifying this finding for p...
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There can be various causes for hemoptysis. We present here a case of hemoptysis in which the chest X-ray helped us to arrive at the diagnosis because of a classical sign. This highlights the need of identifying this finding for prompt recognition of the cause of hemoptysis.KEY WORDS: Aspergilloma, crescent sign, Monad sign
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